National technological strength depends less on isolated breakthroughs and more on an ecosystem’s ability to industrialize, deploy and commercialize those breakthroughs at scale—covering supply chains, standards, finance, talent pipelines and regulatory routines. Winning a ‘race’ therefore requires durable delivery infrastructure and market access, not just headline R&D metrics.
— This reframes technology competition from counts of papers or patents to system‑level capacity for diffusion, implying different policy levers (permitting, industrial policy, international market access, and anti‑capture rules) for states and allies.
James Farquharson
2026.01.07
100% relevant
Wang’s central claim that China still lags in translating research into disruptive, broadly diffused technology — and that many indicators overstate capability because they ignore commercialization and global dependencies — exemplifies the diffusion‑first argument.
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