Fukuyama Reframes 'End of History'

A leading liberal theorist (Francis Fukuyama) now revisits his 1989 essay and narrates how the confidence that liberal democracy marked 'the end of history' has been challenged by subsequent political and social reversals. His memoir makes the intellectual life cycle of big historical claims itself a subject of public debate. — If the architect of a once‑dominant narrative publicly rethinks it, that signals a broader intellectual and political reframing that can shift elite argumentation and public expectations about liberal democracy.