Heritability Differs Across SES Indicators

Using >170,000 Norwegian adults and four genotype‑ and family‑based methods, the study finds that genetic variation explains more of educational attainment and occupational prestige, while family‑shared environment contributes more to education and wealth; non‑shared (individual) environment shows little commonality across the four SES measures. By holding sample and measurement consistent, the paper reveals that estimates vary systematically by which SES indicator and method you use. — Policymakers and commentators must stop treating 'SES' as a single empirical thing — genetic and environmental drivers differ by the specific measure, which changes the interpretation of inequality and interventions.