Middle‑Class Homebuilding Over Towers

Large, concentrated public high‑rise projects have a repeated historical record of concentrated failure (Pruitt‑Igoe and many postwar towers); cities should favor dispersed, family‑sized homebuilding, mixed‑income neighborhoods, and incremental supply increases instead of top‑down mass tower projects. The lesson is administrative and design: avoid concentration of poverty and align physical form with durable social governance and maintenance regimes. — If adopted, this reframes housing policy from ideological slogans and single large projects to concrete supply composition, local governance capacity, and long‑run maintenance funding—affecting zoning, federal grant design, and urban planning nationwide.