Multiple genetic paths to the same adaptation

Genomic analysis of Galápagos giant daisies (Scalesia) shows that the same leaf‑lobe adaptation evolved independently in different species by using different genes within the leaf‑development network. The trait emerged rapidly (within ~1 million years) across habitats, and populations within species remain genetically divergent, suggesting speciation is ongoing. — This reframes how we judge the predictability and mechanisms of evolution (and cautions against single‑gene narratives), with implications for conservation priorities and how genetic evidence is used in public debate about biology.