One‑Time $100k H‑1B Fee

The reform sets a $100,000 fee once on new H‑1B visas (not annually) and excludes in‑country renewals. That structure encourages employers to keep 'temporary' workers the maximum term and screens out marginal, cost‑cutting uses while preserving access when roles are truly hard to fill. — It reframes the fee as a gate that shifts retention and training incentives in immigration and labor markets rather than a simple recurring tax.