Populism Decouples From America

National‑populist movements are shifting away from looking to Trump‑style American examples and instead rooting themselves in locally specific templates and networks. That means defeats of high‑profile leaders (Orbán) or policy reversals by US figures (Trump on interventionism) do not erase underlying grievances; they change which countries and parties serve as the movement’s reference points. — If true, this alters how analysts should read international contagion: domestic electoral setbacks in one country won’t necessarily weaken the broader movement because it now circulates through multiple, decentered exemplars.