Professional speech versus conduct test

The Court is being asked to draw a clear line between protected professional speech (talk therapy) and regulable professional conduct (e.g., prescribing hormones). If talk‑only counseling counts as speech, bans targeting specific counseling goals may be unconstitutional; if it’s treated as conduct, states get wider control. — This distinction will shape how far governments can dictate what licensed professionals say to clients across medicine, counseling, and education.