Removal Right Without Control

The essay advances a middle path: Congress may vest discretionary duties in officers that the President cannot micromanage, yet the President still retains a constitutional right to remove those officers for any reason. It grounds removal in the executive’s law‑execution oversight and ties the Opinions Clause to the President’s information rights needed to exercise removal. — This reframes unitary‑executive debates by separating supervision from removal, offering courts and Congress a coherent standard for agency design and presidential accountability.