Science impoundment battles

Because administrations cancel or withhold appropriated research grants, congressional power erodes. Aggressive midstream grant terminations and outlay slow-walking shift control from Congress to the executive, forcing courts to police the Impoundment Control Act and making research funding contingent on legal brinkmanship. — It tests separation of powers, threatens rule-of-law budgeting, and destabilizes national R&D capacity central to growth and health.