Scientific credit marginalizes women

Reexaminations of who 'discovered' things often show a pattern: men get early theoretical attribution while women who provide decisive observational or experimental proof are laterized or undercredited. The Fritz Zwicky versus Vera Rubin story is a concrete example where institutional recognition lagged despite Rubin supplying the observational evidence that made dark matter widely accepted. — How discoveries are narrated affects careers, funding, public trust in science, and broader debates about diversity and institutional bias in STEM.