DEI Fraud Cases Fail Materiality

If race- or sex-based preference schemes are unconstitutional, then misstatements about meeting those schemes’ 'goals' cannot be material to obtaining benefits under the wire‑fraud statute. Courts also limit wire‑fraud to schemes targeting 'property,' which discretionary tax abatements may not be. Together, this undercuts using fraud prosecutions to police DEI compliance. — It reframes DEI enforcement as a legal overreach that collides with Supreme Court doctrine, reshaping how prosecutors, cities, and agencies can pursue identity‑based targets.