Genes–Brain Systems Biology

Propose treating intelligence differences as an integrative systems‑biology problem that maps GWAS loci to brain structure and function, rather than as separate genetic or imaging findings. This frames future research and policy questions around mechanistic pathways (genes → brain circuits → cognition) and highlights where evidence is still missing. — If pursued, this systems view would shift public debates from simplistic heredity claims to targeted questions about intervention points, predictive limits, ethical uses of polygenic information, and research priorities.